Ergonomics Basics

The Building Trades
4.2K views • January 06, 2021

Unit 3 Module 4

0:00 the purpose of this presentation is to
0:02 provide training on basic economic
0:04 concepts and practices to raise
0:06 awareness of their risks and how to
0:08 reduce them to prevent soft tissue
0:10 injuries why are you thinking of working
0:15 in construction there are many reasons
0:17 such as the ones on this slide it's a
0:20 good career for individuals who enjoy
0:22 working with their hands you get to see
0:25 what you helped build you can solve
0:27 problems there is strong camaraderie
0:30 with co-workers and the potential to
0:32 make good money but there are also risks
0:35 associated with this work that can cause
0:37 injuries so it's important to learn how
0:40 to protect yourself from these risks
0:42 today we're not going to be talking
0:44 about traumatic and fatal injuries
0:46 instead we're going to talk about the
0:49 injuries that result from the physical
0:51 work done every day without safe work
0:54 practices this work can break down a
0:56 workers body over time result in a
0:59 disability and force a worker to leave
1:01 the industry or retire early you may not
1:05 think this will happen to you but talk
1:07 to anyone who's been in the industry for
1:09 many years particularly middle age or
1:12 older construction workers they will
1:14 tell you these injuries are common in
1:16 construction the good news is that they
1:19 can be prevented
1:22 today's goal is to provide training to
1:25 identify the causes of sprains strains
1:27 and soft tissue injuries understand the
1:30 risks and know the steps to take to
1:33 prevent them by the end of today's
1:35 training you should be able to identify
1:38 the ergonomic hazards review the basic
1:41 economic controls for hazards to prevent
1:43 injuries describe the proper body
1:45 mechanics for lifting tasks to prevent
1:48 injuries identify the benefits of doing
1:50 stretching exercises describe at least
1:53 one safe lifting practice and describe
1:56 the risks of using prescription opioids
1:59 and self treatment for pain management
2:03 let's start with why it's critical to
2:05 reduce sprain strains and other soft
2:08 tissue injuries first they are very
2:10 common causing more than one-fourth of
2:13 non-fatal injuries suffered by
2:14 construction workers every year about
2:17 21% of construction workers experience
2:20 these injuries based on what's reported
2:22 but we know that many more will suffer
2:25 from chronic or persistent pain one type
2:28 of sprain or strain is caused by over
2:30 exertion of the body from handling
2:32 building materials and equipment
2:33 particularly heavy or awkward materials
2:36 or equipment this often results in low
2:39 back injuries since you only get one
2:42 body in your lifetime it's important
2:44 that you learn how to properly handle
2:45 materials as early as possible in your
2:48 career and you safe lifting practices
2:50 every day to protect your body from
2:53 damage
2:56 to understand how to prevent an injury
2:58 it's important to understand what's
3:00 happening to your body the tissues of
3:02 your body respond to stress similar to
3:04 other materials such as metal concrete
3:07 and wood as materials are exposed to
3:10 physical stress like weight and
3:12 environmental exposures whether he cold
3:15 and rain they break down this slide
3:18 shows examples of this happening back in
3:21 1951 the duplicitous bridge collapsed
3:23 into the st. Maurice River in Alberta
3:25 Canada even though the bridge was only
3:28 three years old it could not stand up
3:30 against the extreme cold and heavy loads
3:32 that traveled over it every day just
3:35 like that bridge the tissues of your
3:37 body respond to stress and heavy loads
3:39 causing them to gradually break down the
3:42 bottom right photo of the foot shows an
3:44 Achilles tendon tear from over exertion
3:48 in the medical world sprains strains and
3:51 other soft tissue injuries are called
3:53 muscular skeletal disorders or MSDS they
3:57 include damage the different soft
3:58 tissues of your body your muscles nerves
4:01 bones and connecting tissues like
4:03 tendons and ligaments the damage is
4:06 cumulative it develops over time not
4:08 usually from a sudden accident it may
4:10 become chronic or persistent in other
4:13 words the damage and pain could last for
4:16 a long time possibly the rest of your
4:18 life the photo at the bottom on the left
4:20 show the structure of your low back
4:23 the most common body part injured the
4:26 soft disk is a cushion between each bone
4:29 but they're centred jelly in green may
4:32 push on the spinal nerves
4:34 the orange tubes when the body bends
4:36 forward one way to think of it is like a
4:38 jelly doughnut being compressed the back
4:41 is complex
4:42 once the tissues wear and tear it's very
4:45 hard to get them to heal the bottom
4:48 right photo shows a worker with knee
4:50 bursitis caused by kneeling on a hard
4:53 floor often without the benefit of
4:55 padding against the floor his doctor
4:58 recommended ad joint replacement once
5:01 you have this procedure it is difficult
5:03 to kneel so this worker could not go
5:05 back to doing the same type of work
5:07 unless the work could be done in a
5:09 different way without kneeling as
5:12 mentioned soft tissue injuries do not
5:15 happen suddenly they developed slowly
5:18 over time this diagram shows that as a
5:21 worker performs hard physical activity
5:23 over the course of a day the horizontal
5:25 axis the worker may experience a gradual
5:28 increase in pain or discomfort the
5:31 vertical axis the blue line that is
5:34 increasing but at the end of the day
5:37 when the worker stops doing the work the
5:39 pain and discomfort go back down or go
5:41 away these mild symptoms improve as the
5:45 tissues of the body heal however at the
5:49 time goes by a workers body may not have
5:52 enough time to heal between new episodes
5:54 of work this slide shows what happens to
5:58 the worker when there is not enough time
5:59 to heal the tissue between each episode
6:02 of work even with a long period of rest
6:05 such as over a weekend the blue line
6:08 shows increasing pain or discomfort when
6:10 a worker is performing an activity the
6:13 dotted line shows the pain decreasing
6:16 when the activity stops in during rest
6:19 but as time goes on the worker never
6:22 fully recovers and gets all the way back
6:24 to normal before having to begin the
6:26 activity again often times workers
6:29 experience moderate to severe symptoms
6:32 that develop over many months or years
6:36 this diagram shows the progression from
6:39 normal no symptoms through developing
6:41 mild moderate or severe symptoms it
6:44 underscores why early awareness of
6:47 what's happening to your body is
6:48 important early on the body can heal to
6:52 get back to normal there's a hundred
6:53 percent chance of recovery as the worker
6:56 has moderate to more severe symptoms
6:58 even with a lot of rest the body cannot
7:01 recover completely and the workers
7:04 unable to gain normal function
7:07 that's why it's important not to ignore
7:09 early symptoms and to seek treatment
7:11 early when you have the greatest chance
7:13 of recovery construction workers just
7:16 like pro athletes need to take care of
7:18 their physical health to have a long
7:20 career and stay employed early symptoms
7:23 include pain when you kneel bend over
7:26 and walk when you notice pain and
7:28 discomfort change how you are doing your
7:30 work or your work tasks if the symptoms
7:34 don't improve see a doctor if you wait
7:36 too long to get medical help you may
7:39 require surgery in order to get better
7:44 what is ergonomic s' everybody's body
7:47 has different abilities in terms of
7:49 strength flexibility and tolerance
7:52 ergonomics is the way to prevent
7:54 injuries by setting up the work
7:55 environment in tools to make the job fit
7:58 the physical abilities of the worker
8:00 work should be designed so most workers
8:03 can do it without tearing down the
8:04 tissues of the body to get the job done
8:07 examples are all around you such as the
8:10 shape of a tool handle or an extra
8:12 handle to hold on to by working within
8:15 the physical limits of your body you
8:17 will eliminate the risk of overexertion
8:19 sprain and strain injuries there are six
8:24 organ Amma Kaz ERDs high force poor
8:27 postures fast prolonged repetition
8:31 stress from body contact hand or body
8:34 vibration environment while all exist in
8:38 construction the most common hazards are
8:41 high force in poor postures which are
8:44 the focus of this training
8:48 the first organ Amma hazard force is the
8:52 effort needed to move an object such as
8:54 lifting a pipe moving a bag of water or
8:57 pushing a cart can everyone lift the
9:00 same amount of weight safely no how do
9:03 you know when someone is lifting
9:05 something that is too heavy for them
9:06 they have to jerk the object to get the
9:09 movement started the load keeps falling
9:11 over why they carry it you have to take
9:14 frequent rest breaks
9:16 the weight of the load effects the low
9:18 back the weight can be measured through
9:21 spinal forces in the joints of your low
9:23 back in a diagram on the left the first
9:27 figure is standing upright with no load
9:29 the spinal force from gravity on the low
9:32 back is 80-inch pounds
9:34 the second figure is holding a 20-pound
9:37 load close to their body ten inches from
9:40 the hands to the low back this is an
9:42 ideal posture to carry a load the spinal
9:45 forces go up to 170 inch pounds if the
9:49 load is moved away from the body to a
9:51 distance of 20 inches the spinal forces
9:54 increased significantly to 260 inch
9:57 pounds so how close you hold an object
10:00 makes a big difference to your low back
10:02 forces the last figure shows the large
10:06 increase in spinal forces from lifting
10:08 an object from the floor the distance to
10:11 the box is larger and the body is not
10:13 upright the spinal forces have more than
10:16 tripled from the ideal figure of a
10:18 hundred and seventy inch pounds to six
10:21 hundred and thirty-five inch pounds the
10:24 two figures on the right side of the
10:25 slide show a curved back posture on the
10:28 top a poor posture which causes high
10:31 spinal disk pressure the bottom figure
10:34 shows a locked back straight posture by
10:37 keeping your back locked in a straight
10:39 position while lifting your spinal
10:41 forces stay low
10:44 the second economic hazard is poor
10:47 postures often called awkward postures
10:50 many workers will work at the floor
10:52 level using it forward bent back posture
10:55 working in a bent back posture causes
10:58 increased final forces other workers
11:01 will kneel to work on the floor this may
11:04 cause a contact stress between the hard
11:06 ground surface in your knee it is
11:09 helpful to use knee pads or other
11:10 cushion to eliminate contact stress the
11:14 photo on the far right shows a worker
11:16 doing overhead work anytime your hand is
11:19 positioned above your head height there
11:21 is a high stress on your shoulder work
11:24 that is at or below your head height is
11:27 much easier on your shoulder other organ
11:31 olmec hazards include highly repetitive
11:33 work contact stress other than need
11:36 contact with the floor when kneeling
11:38 vibration of the hand which is common
11:41 when using power tools like a jackhammer
11:43 and vibration of the body if operating
11:45 powered equipment while sitting
11:47 solutions are being developed for
11:50 example through CP WR the Center for
11:53 construction research and trainings
11:55 research the overhead drill press shown
11:57 earlier was developed to reduce overhead
12:00 work and a lateral drill rig was
12:02 developed that reduces vibration risks
12:07 there are a number of solution or
12:09 controls that reduce the risk of
12:11 ergonomic hazards some controls reduce
12:14 the risk better than others this figure
12:17 shows the hierarchy of ergonomic
12:19 controls the types of controls at the
12:21 top of the triangle are best while the
12:24 controls at the bottom are just okay
12:27 engineering controls generally use
12:29 equipment to reduce reduce the risk an
12:31 example is to use equipment to lift and
12:34 move heavy objects I'll show you some
12:36 examples on the next slide work practice
12:39 controls use the best methods to perform
12:41 the task
12:42 examples include using safe lifting
12:45 techniques or team lifts scheduling or
12:49 is more commonly called an
12:50 administrative control shares the work
12:52 between workers usually a foreman or
12:55 superintendent must authorize using this
12:57 solution other is the lowest control
13:01 that offers the smallest benefit
13:03 examples include kneepads or stretching
13:05 exercise if you have no other option
13:09 stretching exercises may be helpful
13:11 we'll talk about those later in this
13:13 presentation
13:16 to reduce force and purpose and injuries
13:19 the first step is to plan your work you
13:22 must think through how you are going to
13:24 do the work and what equipment will be
13:26 needed for a safe lift the engineering
13:29 controls your employer should provide
13:31 you with lifting equipment for the
13:33 heavier loads and train you on how to
13:35 use it
13:35 this slide shows several examples of
13:38 lifting equipment since many of these
13:41 tools are on wheels it's important to
13:43 keep the work area clear of obstacles
13:45 and debris in other words engage in good
13:49 housekeeping practices
13:52 when planning your work you should also
13:54 consider safe work practices NIOSH the
13:58 National Institute of Occupational
13:59 Safety and Health they're lifting
14:01 equation can help you or your employer
14:03 determine what a safe weight is for you
14:06 but since using the equation may not
14:09 always be an option one person should
14:11 not lift objects weighing more than 50
14:13 pounds on their own and should not carry
14:16 heavy objects long distances of more
14:18 than 100 feet and work involving tools
14:22 equipment or materials that weigh more
14:25 than 25 pounds should be handled at
14:27 waist height not overhead or on the
14:30 ground this slide shows the zones that
14:35 you should try to work within
14:37 ideally work should be located close to
14:40 your body this diagram of your prime
14:43 real estate shows that usual work should
14:46 be done in the green zone between your
14:48 wrist and body overhead work is close to
14:52 your head height low work is just below
14:54 your waist occasional work may be done
14:57 outside that area in the orange zone the
15:01 red zone is going to put your body in an
15:03 awkward position this is the work zone
15:05 where you have the greatest risk for
15:07 injury if you reach forward to the red
15:10 zone you could end up with shoulder and
15:13 low back pain
15:16 it's important to set up your work area
15:18 so you can avoid working from the ground
15:20 or floor by raising the work up use a
15:24 cart or stand to assemble materials on
15:26 this slide a jig or pipe stand on a
15:30 tripod is being used so the worker can
15:33 work at waist level
15:36 if you must work on the ground limit the
15:39 time you spend on the ground do part of
15:42 the work at your waist height if you
15:45 kneel use kneepads or other cushions
15:49 reaching up overhead to perform a task
15:52 puts extra strain on your shoulders and
15:54 low back if you work overhead use a
15:58 device such as a lift or ladder to raise
16:00 you up position the equipment so the
16:03 work is at or near your head height the
16:05 top photo shows a worker reaching over a
16:08 head the shoulder angle is greater than
16:11 90 degrees this worker could use a
16:14 taller ladder or a scissor lift to get
16:16 closer to the work tools with long
16:19 handles or extension can also reduce
16:22 overhead region as mentioned at the
16:26 start of this presentation
16:28 the most common economic hazard is
16:30 lifting objects or equipment or
16:33 materials it is important that you learn
16:35 how to lift objects using proper body
16:38 mechanics we're going to review
16:40 different ways you can lift objects
16:43 including several one-person lifts
16:46 including one for testing the weight of
16:48 an object called the heft test different
16:50 methods for lifting lightweight and
16:52 heavy weight long objects and one for
16:55 lifting a heavy weight small object
16:58 we're going to practice to person or
17:00 team lifts and talk about when you
17:03 should push versus pull objects later in
17:06 this presentation I'm going to introduce
17:08 some interactive online resources that
17:11 you can use on your own as refreshers
17:14 unsafe practices
17:18 before we get into the lifting methods
17:20 as mentioned earlier prior to doing any
17:23 lift it's important to plan how you will
17:25 safely perform the lifting task you'll
17:28 need to determine the weight of the
17:30 object its size how far you will have to
17:33 move it and whether the path is clear of
17:35 obstacles then you need to choose the
17:38 best lifting method as a reminder a
17:41 one-person lift is okay for an object
17:43 that weighs 50 pounds or less and you
17:46 need to make sure the carrying distance
17:48 is acceptable usually less than 100 feet
17:51 and free of obstacles that could create
17:54 a trip or slip hazard if it weighs more
17:57 than 50 pounds you should use a
17:59 two-person team lift and make sure the
18:01 carrying distance is acceptable and free
18:04 of obstacles now we're going to review
18:07 several safe lifting methods
18:11 the heft test is the method used to
18:14 check the weight of an object before
18:16 performing the full lift the idea is to
18:19 position yourself as if you're going to
18:21 conduct the lift but only lift the
18:23 object about one inch off the floor this
18:27 allows you to assess the weight of the
18:29 object and test your ability to lift it
18:31 without risk of injury if you have to
18:33 jerk the object to raise it off the
18:35 ground you need to get help there are
18:38 three steps in the hex test first
18:41 approach the object from the front with
18:43 your feet shoulder-width apart and move
18:46 close to the object then bend your knees
18:49 and hips lock your back and lift the
18:52 object only one inch up from the ground
18:54 as shown in the middle photo and set the
18:57 object back down if the weight is
19:00 acceptable to lift use the straight or
19:03 power lift to lift as shown in the final
19:07 image remember avoid letting your knees
19:10 extend beyond your feet don't just squat
19:13 down to lift something and always keep
19:16 your core tight when you lower the
19:18 object back down lock your back and move
19:21 smoothly bending your knees and hips
19:24 only
19:27 the straight lift is used for rigid
19:29 objects located in a confined area or
19:32 against a wall for this lift you need to
19:35 approach the object from the front with
19:37 your feet shoulder width apart and
19:39 parallel to the object move close to the
19:42 object and bend your knees and hips lock
19:45 your back and lift with your back
19:47 straight do not twist then use slow
19:50 smooth movements to lift the object
19:55 a power lift is used for a rigid object
19:59 located in an open area so unlike the
20:02 straight lift which you would use in a
20:03 confined space because you have less
20:06 room to move for this lift you can angle
20:09 your feet and get close to the object
20:11 for a power lift you would approach the
20:15 object from the front with your feet on
20:17 each side or at an angle move close to
20:19 the object and bend your knees and hips
20:22 lock your back and lift with your back
20:24 straight no twisting then you slow
20:28 smooth movements to lift the object
20:32 this one person lyft also called
20:36 a golfer's lyft is ideal for picking up
20:39 lightweight objects if you play or watch
20:42 golf
20:42 you'll notice that experienced golfers
20:44 use this technique because it reduces
20:47 the spinal forces when bending forward
20:49 to reach the floor to use a golfers lift
20:52 you would approach the object from one
20:55 end bend forward at your waist on one
20:58 leg lift opposite foot off the floor
21:01 and grasp the object and lift lowering
21:04 your foot to the floor as you use slow
21:07 smooth movements lift the object
21:12 this slide in the next one show two
21:14 common methods for lifting a heavyweight
21:16 long object while the pole and the
21:20 images is shorter than the one commonly
21:22 used for this technique it will give you
21:25 a sense of the steps involved in the
21:26 lift for both methods you should check
21:30 before you start to make sure that no
21:32 one could be hit by the object during
21:34 the lift you may also want to place a
21:37 cushion on your shoulder if an object is
21:39 very heavy or has edges the first
21:42 example shows one person lifting a heavy
21:45 weight long object first approach the
21:48 object from the end and get close then
21:52 half kneel or stoop to reach the object
21:55 and raise the end of the object to your
21:57 shoulder rise to your feet while walk in
22:00 the object forward on your shoulder and
22:02 at the midpoint of the object's length
22:04 balance it on your shoulder walking folk
22:08 for holding the object with your hands
22:10 while avoiding hitting other workers or
22:13 objects with the front or back into the
22:15 object
22:19 this slide shows another method for a
22:22 one-person lift of a of a heavy weight
22:25 long object this method is often used to
22:28 carry a heavy object such as a heavy
22:30 pipe but caution should be used to lift
22:33 the pipe at the midpoint to avoid the
22:36 weight of the pipe causing your back to
22:38 bend backwards like the other example
22:41 you may also want to place a cushion on
22:44 your shoulder if an object is very heavy
22:46 or has edges for this lift approach the
22:50 object from the end and get close half
22:54 kneel or stoop to reach the object rise
22:57 up to your feet and stand the object
22:59 upright on end stoop down lock your back
23:04 place your shoulder near the midpoint of
23:06 the object and tilt the object towards
23:08 your shoulder grasp the object to
23:11 balance it and stand it upright then
23:14 with the object balanced on your
23:16 shoulder walk facing forward no twisting
23:19 and avoid hitting other workers or
23:21 objects with the front or back end of
23:24 the object
23:28 the next few slides described using a
23:30 two-person lift method to lift a heavy
23:33 weight long object this method is good
23:36 for carrying one very long object for a
23:39 shorter one that is too heavy for one
23:41 person to handle when two people are
23:44 involved with a lift they should first
23:46 discuss how they plan to do the lift for
23:50 this lift each worker approaches the end
23:53 the object from an end and moves close
23:55 to the object feet shoulder-width apart
23:58 next both workers should lock their
24:01 backs and bend their knees and hips then
24:06 communicating 1 2 3 lift lift with back
24:10 straights with no twisting using slow
24:13 smooth movements to complete the lift to
24:16 waist height then the person in front
24:19 should move around to the side of the
24:21 object and they should both walk forward
24:24 in the direction of where they need to
24:25 deliver the object this slide shows two
24:32 workers using the method just described
24:34 with a 10 foot object the two workers
24:37 start by planning how they will carry
24:39 out the lift once they've done that they
24:42 each approach the object from the ends
24:44 and move close to the object feet
24:47 shoulder-width apart with their backs
24:49 locked and knees and hips Bend they
24:52 communicate 1 2 3 lift and then lift
24:56 with back straight with no twisting
24:58 using slow smooth movements they hold
25:01 the object at their waist with the front
25:04 person moving to the side before they
25:06 start moving forward
25:10 for a situation involving a two-person
25:13 lift that requires both people to turn
25:15 in Caribbean object the front person
25:18 must step to the side of the object
25:19 facing forward like the earlier example
25:23 both workers would need to plan the lift
25:25 and follow commands to lift the object
25:28 to their shoulder one two three lift and
25:31 use verbal cues to begin walking forward
25:35 in the direction of travel
25:40 the two-person lift is also a good
25:42 method for carrying two heavyweight long
25:45 objects as long as the combined weight
25:47 is an acceptable load for the workers
25:50 since it may provide better balance
25:52 across the body and carrying one object
25:54 this slide shows the steps involved like
25:58 the earlier list the two workers should
26:00 discuss their plan for the lift first
26:03 then each approaches the ends of the
26:06 objects and effort and the front person
26:08 turns towards the direction of travel
26:10 they each lock their back bend their
26:14 knees and hips grasp the object from the
26:17 ends and communicate one two three lift
26:20 they use slow smooth movements to lift
26:24 with their back straight with no
26:25 twisting they then hold the object at
26:28 each end and walk forward
26:31 you
26:33 a good one person lift method for small
26:36 heavy objects of non rigid or non rigid
26:39 objects such as a sack of materials
26:41 involves rolling a heavy weight object
26:44 up the body to use this lifting method a
26:47 worker should half kneel directly in
26:50 front of the object lock their back and
26:53 roll the object onto their thigh roll
26:56 the object to their waist holding it
26:58 firmly close to their body and push off
27:02 on their back foot to rise to a stand
27:04 once the worker gets their balance they
27:07 would move forward
27:12 in addition to safe lifting practices
27:14 there are other safe practices that can
27:17 be used as this slide shows since the
27:20 strongest muscles of the body are your
27:23 legs you should always push using your
27:26 leg muscles to move objects that are
27:28 located below your waist and you should
27:31 select carts or other devices that will
27:33 allow you to push objects located on the
27:35 floor
27:37 to move objects that are located above
27:39 your waist you should pull since your
27:42 biceps are stronger than your triceps
27:45 when engaging in this practice position
27:48 your body so you can pull objects
27:50 located above your waist towards you if
27:54 the object is tall and you cannot see
27:57 over it you should have a co-worker
27:59 assist with moving the object so either
28:02 one pushes and the other guides the
28:05 object or both stand and back of the on
28:09 either side of the object so they have a
28:11 clear view in front of the object and
28:14 push
28:16 you
28:17 when lifting and carrying materials with
28:20 handles consider using gloves with
28:22 rubber dots to increase rip stability
28:26 and using padding or a clamp on handle
28:29 to make bucket or pail handlers easier
28:33 to grasp alternating the hand or
28:36 shoulder you use to carry materials and
28:38 as mentioned earlier using padding on
28:41 your shoulder can also help
28:46 so why is important to always follow
28:48 safe lifting practices since
28:51 construction workers are at a risk for
28:54 painful injuries opioids are commonly
28:56 prescribed for pain relief as a result
28:59 opioid dependency has become a serious
29:02 issue for construction workers and the
29:04 industry I want to focus on how
29:07 preventing pain upfront can help you
29:10 avoid pain medications such as opioids
29:13 which may lead to addiction while
29:16 opioids are commonly prescribed for pain
29:18 relief by doctors they are strong
29:21 addictive medications so they should
29:23 only be used if your doctor says they
29:26 are the best option to manage pain
29:29 before taking prescription opioids first
29:32 ask your doctor for information on all
29:34 available treatments for pain there may
29:37 be non addictive medications or
29:40 treatments available misuse of opioids
29:43 prescriptions including taking more than
29:46 a prescribed dose taking someone else's
29:49 prescription taking multiple opioid
29:52 medications or taking high doses for
29:55 long periods of time can all lead to
29:58 opioid dependency and addiction think
30:02 about the risk one out of four people
30:04 prescribed opioids for long-term pain
30:07 become addicted thousands of people die
30:11 from overdoses each year in 2017 alone
30:16 more than 49,000 people died from an
30:19 opioid overdose an overdose deaths on
30:23 the job are on the rise remember only
30:26 take opioids if they are the best option
30:29 and follow the dosage prescribed do not
30:33 take opioids for long periods of time
30:35 more than 30 days without consulting
30:38 with your doctor
30:42 this slide shows two resources that CPW
30:46 are developed to help you understand the
30:48 risk and get proper treatment if you are
30:51 injured and in pain the first is the
30:54 online version of a hazard alert card
30:57 and the second is a physician's alert
30:59 the hazard alert card cover some of the
31:03 statistics I just covered as well as
31:05 steps you can take to prevent addiction
31:07 or get help the physicians alert has two
31:11 parts the first part provides
31:13 information for you on the risk and how
31:16 to talk to your doctor about treating
31:18 your pain the second part is to give to
31:21 your doctor so they can better treat you
31:23 it includes information on for example
31:27 how some jobs require drug testing and
31:29 the drugs workers are commonly tested
31:32 for to prevent an injury the need for
31:36 pain medicine as we discussed earlier
31:39 you need to be aware of the hazards use
31:42 lifting equipment and safe lifting
31:44 practices and get early treatment if
31:46 injured stretching exercise can also
31:49 help and are highly recommended to
31:52 improve flexibility movement and posture
31:54 and relieve muscle and joint tightness
31:57 but they only help if you do them
32:00 properly you should always use caution
32:03 when stretching so you do not feel pain
32:05 and always use slow smooth movements and
32:09 hold the posture for about 15 seconds
32:12 when you stretch the coaching section of
32:15 the interactive resources that we'll
32:17 discuss later walks you through
32:19 different stretches let you try them out
32:22 on your computer tablet or smartphone
32:23 and shows you what you are doing right
32:26 and wrong
32:30 the following two slides show a few
32:33 examples that you can try today I'm
32:35 going to briefly describe each one and
32:37 then we'll try them out the low back
32:40 stretch is a good reverse stretch
32:42 particularly if you've been working in a
32:44 forward bent back position such as
32:47 working at floor level to do the stretch
32:50 put your hands on your low back and
32:53 gently lean backwards slightly fold
32:58 all right next stretch is a good stretch
33:01 if you're working in an awkward head
33:03 neck position
33:04 tilt your head gently to the right and
33:07 hold then gently tell your head to the
33:10 left and hold
33:15 shoulder rolls are good to release
33:17 tension in your head neck and upper back
33:20 particularly if you've been working with
33:22 your hands overhead or reaching with
33:24 your arms away from your body for a
33:26 period of time slowly roll your
33:29 shoulders up and back and around repeat
33:33 10 times another good stretch is the
33:37 forearm stretch reach your right arm out
33:40 and with your elbow straight gently pull
33:43 your hand back and hold then bend your
33:47 wrist down and pull your hand towards
33:50 your body now let's do it with your left
33:53 arm reach your left arm out and with
33:56 your elbow straight gently pull your
33:58 hand back and hold then bed your wrists
34:02 down and pull your hand towards your
34:04 body
34:06 many of us have tightness in our
34:08 hamstring and calf muscles to stretch
34:11 your hamstrings extend one leg forward
34:14 with your heel on the floor and your
34:16 toes pointed up fold let's repeat with
34:20 the other leg
34:22 now let's stretch your calf extend one
34:26 leg back with your foot flat on the
34:29 ground then gently bend your front knee
34:32 feel the stretch on the calf of your
34:35 back leg hold let's repeat with the
34:38 other leg
34:40 you
34:43 since everyone from The Apprentice of
34:45 the contractor has a role to play in
34:47 preventing the risk for injuries see
34:50 PWRs
34:51 best build plans program includes
34:53 materials that contractors can use to
34:56 plan for how materials will be safely
34:58 lifted and moved on job sites and
35:01 interactive training and coaching
35:03 resources that you can use on your own
35:05 to practice or as a refresher these
35:09 materials are designed to reinforce the
35:11 importance importance of one planning
35:14 for how materials will be lifted and
35:15 moved and to using safe lifting
35:19 techniques including equipment and team
35:22 lifts and practices you can download
35:25 them to your computer or use the app
35:27 available for Android and Apple
35:30 smartphones and tablets the interactive
35:35 training resources have a voiceover that
35:37 allows you to click on items to learn
35:40 more about planning and selecting
35:41 equipment to lift and store materials
35:44 the lifting in work practice sections
35:47 sections of the training resources walks
35:50 you through a refresher of the safe
35:52 lifting practices and then lets you use
35:54 a mouse or touch screen to move a figure
35:57 through different lifts the fundamental
35:59 parts of the cooking section lets you
36:02 move the figure during different lifts
36:04 and show you shows you what happens to
36:07 the body when the lifts are done right
36:09 and wrong the coaching section also
36:13 includes a warm-up section that lets you
36:16 try different stretching exercises that
36:18 can help prevent an injury like the
36:21 other interactive exercises you can see
36:24 what happens to the body when you're
36:26 doing them right and wrong
36:30 there are also two games that you can
36:33 play on your smartphones to test what
36:35 you've learned there are a fun way to
36:37 test your knowledge you advance through
36:40 the games by making safe decisions you
36:43 can get to the games directly through
36:45 your App Store or by scanning the QR
36:47 code on the hazard alert mentioned
36:50 earlier the first game raises awareness
36:52 of the impact on your body of lifting
36:55 from an awkward position or lifting
36:57 heavy materials without assistance and
37:00 the second game focuses on the job site
37:03 and the importance of planning how
37:05 you'll lift and move materials what
37:08 equipment or help you may need and if
37:10 your pathway is clear as this game
37:13 advances the construction site becomes
37:15 more complex and injuries are tracked on
37:18 the strain bars you have a handout with
37:23 instructions on how to download and use
37:26 these resources I encourage you to try
37:28 them out
37:31 just to recap what we covered today we
37:35 covered how to identify economic hazards
37:37 the basic economic control to prevent
37:40 injuries the proper body mechanics for
37:43 lifting the benefits of doing stretching
37:46 exercises review safe lifting practices
37:50 and we look at the risks of using
37:53 prescription opioids thank you